Group II Bread Grains
Group II bread grains, or groat crops, are a group of cereal crops.
Group II bread grains include:
All plants of this group belong to spring high-yielding crops and are sown in spring.
The largest sown areas in the world are occupied by rice and maize. Rice and millet are also classified as groat crops.
They differ from group I crops in morphological and biological characteristics. The grain of group II bread grains has no crease and no brush, and germinates with a single rootlet. The inflorescence is a panicle; in maize, the female inflorescence is a cob. The culm is, as a rule, filled with pith.
Table. Chemical composition of various types of groats.
| Groats | protein, % | fat, % | starch, % | sugars, % | fiber, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Millet groats | 12,0 | 5,5 | 81,0 | 0,15 | 1,04 |
| Rice | 6,0 | 0,5 | 88,0 | 0,50 | 0,30 |
| Barley groats | 11,0 | 1,5 | 82,0 | 0,45 | 2,00 |
| Pearl barley | 9,6 | 1,2 | 85,0 | 0,50 | 1,25 |
| Buckwheat | 10,0 | 3,0 | 82,0 | 0,30 | 2,00 |
| Oat groats | 16,0 | 6,0 | 72,0 | 0,25 | 2,87 |
| Maize groats | 12,5 | 0,6 | 86,0 | — | 0,25 |
| Semolina | 12,7 | 0,9 | 84,2 | 0,96 | 0,24 |
All crops of the group are short-day plants. They require heat and light, and are more drought-resistant and heat-resistant than group I bread grains, except for rice.
References
- Niklyaev V. S. (2000). Fundamentals of Agricultural Production Technology. Farming and Crop Production. Moscow: “Bylina”.
